TITLE
👉Best soil to stop speed and volume of flooding
INTRODUCTION AND AIM OF PROJECT
👉What are the differences in different types of soil?
The different type of soil we are using are top soil, clay and sand. The difference if these different type of soil is the size of the soil particle and the air spaces between them.
👉What is the aim of your project?
We aim to find out which soil is best to make as sand bags to build a artificial flood bank that will allow the least amount of water the slowest to prevent the damaging effect of a 'flash flood'.
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN AND PROCEDURE
Task 1 (What is the best type of soil to be used in the sand bags to build the levee?)
(a) Plan of Experimental Design
👉 What are the factors that affect how much water a soil can hold?
The size of the air spaces in between that soil particles. The volume of the air spaces will be the volume of water the soil can hold
👉What is your hypothesis?
Clay is the best type of soil that will allow lesser the water flowing through so that lesser water do left in the beaker and top soil is second best and sand is the least efficient soil in allowing lesser water to flow through.
👉What are the questions you are investigating?
Which soil is the best at allowing lesser water to flow through?
👉What are your independent, dependent, and constant variables?
Independent variable:
The type of soil
Dependent variable:
Amount of water left in the beaker
Constant:
-The volume of water that we pour in to the bottle of sand (250ml of water)
-The mass of the different type of soil (200g of each soil)
👉What are the assumptions you have made, if any?
We assumed that the volume of water is exactly 250ml and the mass of the soil is 200g
(b)Procedures
👉State the steps used in your experimentation in a chronological order
Step 1: Set up the experiment as shown in the sectional diagram
Step 2: Put 150g of the type of soil into the 1.5 liter bottle
Step 3: Pour 350ml of water into the beaker. At the same time, start recording the time with the stopwatch.
Step 4: Stop the stopwatch when it reads 1 min.
Step 5: Measure the volume of water in the beaker.
Step 6: Repeat Steps 1-5. (Once)
Step 7: Find the average of the volume of water
Step 8: Repeat Steps 1-7 for each type of soil
👉Include the measuring instruments used and
Measuring cylinder, beaker and stopwatch
👉Describe how you will change the independent variable, measure the dependent variable, and keep the other factors constant in your experiment
We must change the type of soil and measure the volume of water left in the beaker respectively after timing 1 min and make sure the volume of water we pour in and the mass of each soil is kept the same.
Task 2 (Which of the three sections along the river should the levee be built first, given the limitation of time?)
(a) Plan of Experimental Design
👉What are the factors that affect how much water a soil can hold?
The size of the air spaces in between that soil particles. The volume of the air spaces will be the volume of water the soil can hold.
👉What is your hypothesis?
The slower the rate of water flowing through the soil, the better the soil is at preventing water from flowing through.
👉What are the questions you are investigating?
Which soil is the best at allowing the water to flow through the slowest?
👉What are your independent, dependent, and constant variables?
Independent variable:
The type of soil
Dependent variable:
Time taken for the water to flow through completely
Constant:
-The volume of water that we pour in to the bottle of sand (250ml of water)
-The mass of the different type of soil (200g of each soil)
👉What are the assumptions you have made, if any?
We assumed that the volume of water is exactly 250ml and the mass of the soil is 200g
(b)Procedures
👉State the steps used in your experimentation in a chronological order
Step 1: Set up the experiment as shown in the sectional diagram
Step 2: Put 150g of the type of soil into the 1.5 liter bottle
Step 3: Pour 350ml of water into the beaker. At the same time, start recording the time with the stopwatch.
Step 4: When the water stops dripping, stop the stopwatch.
Step 5: Measure the volume of water in the beaker.
Step 6: Repeat Steps 1-5. (Once)
Step 7: Find the average of the volume of water
Step 8: Repeat Steps 1-7 for each type of soil
👉Include the measuring instruments used and
Measuring cylinder, beaker and stopwatch
👉Describe how you will change the independent variable, measure the dependent variable, and keep the other factors constant in your experiment.
We must change the type of soil and measure the volume of the water left in the beaker after the water flow through completely and make sure the volume of eater that we pour in to the bottle and the mass of the different type of soil is kept the same.
RESULTS
(Refer to picture)
ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
👉What are the scientific explanations of your findings?
Sand takes the longest time to allow water to flow through because of the air spaces in between the soil particles.
Sand allow the least volume of water to flow through.
CONCLUSION
👉What are the reasonable conclusion to the two tasks in the problem scenario?
Sand is the best soil that can prevent the water from flowing through as compared to the other soil.
👉Are the conclusion you made supported by the data you have collected?
Yes.
AREAS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH AND STUDY
👉Suggestion for making improvements to the investigation
Do not reuse the fine mesh for the 2nd experiment
👉New question you have about how water is stored in soil
Can different amount of water and same timing work for this experiment?
REFERENCE
👉State any references you have in your research
NIL
DUTY LIST & ACKNOWLEDGEMENT FROM ALL GROUP MEMBERS
👉Zhi Yi (Group Leader and do report)
👉Shi Ting (Bring Materials, timekeeper and do report)
👉Yu Han (Set up experiment and do report)
👉Wee Leng (Record results and do report)
👉 Jie En (Set up experiment, bring materials and do report)
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